Mammadova C.
Lecturer of the Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry,
Nakhchivan State University

Abstract
This article delves into the multifaceted nature of hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular disorder characterized by persistently elevated arterial blood pressure. It underscores the significant health risks associated with untreated hypertension, including myocardial infarction, stroke, renal dysfunction, and vision impairment, which collectively can severely degrade quality of life and lead to disability. The pathogenesis of hypertension is explored, highlighting the pivotal roles of vascular tone dysregulation, cardiac rhythm abnormalities, alterations in blood volume and pressure, and imbalances in water-salt homeostasis. A distinction is made between essential arterial hypertension, which lacks a specific organ disease cause, and secondary hypertension, which results from underlying organ or systemic diseases.
Furthermore, the article addresses the symptomatic presentation of hypertension, emphasizing common manifestations such as persistent headaches, facial edema, chest pain, visual disturbances, and tinnitus. The severe implications of a hypertensive crisis are also discussed, noting its sudden onset and potential life-threatening symptoms.
The management strategy for hypertension is outlined, advocating for a progressive approach to normalize blood pressure levels. This includes both non-pharmacological interventions—like lifestyle modifications and dietary adjustments—and pharmacological treatments when necessary. Risk factors contributing to the development of hypertension, including genetic predispositions and lifestyle choices, are examined to provide a comprehensive understanding of its etiology.
Lastly, the article proposes the integration of medicinal plants alongside conventional medications in hypertension management, cautioning about the potential interactions and emphasizing the importance of selecting therapeutic plants compatible with pharmaceutical treatments. This holistic approach aims to offer a more nuanced perspective on hypertension management, blending traditional and modern medical practices for optimal patient care.

Keywords: Hypertension Management, Medicinal Plants, Pharmacological Properties