Kushnir Yu.
Ph.D, Head of Department
Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise «Clinical Hospital “Psykhiatriia”», Kyiv

Abstract
331 patients with schizophrenia took part in the study: 252 patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia (main group) and 79 patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia (comparison group). The research used a comprehensive approach, consisting in the use of psychometric (personal and social functioning scales (PSP)) and statistical research methods. The analysis of the features of social functioning in patients with schizophrenia made it possible to determine that patients with negative symptoms were characterized by the presence of significant violations in socially useful activities and personal and social interaction. In patients with positive symptoms of schizophrenia, significant violations in the field of self-care and in the field of aggressive behavior patterns were noted. The obtained data can be used to create treatment and rehabilitation programs and improve the strategy of psychocorrective care for patients with schizophrenia.

Keywords: schizophrenia, negative symptoms, positive symptoms, social functioning, social interaction, self-care, community service

Lazarov G.
MD, PhD(corresponding author): Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shose Blvd., 1113 Sofia; Hospital in Obstetrics and Gynecology “St. Sofia”, Аndrological Office, 2 Mihalaki Tashev Str., 1330 Sofia, Bulgaria
ORCID ID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-4302

Mladenov V.
MD, PhD Clinic of Urology, Medical University, UMBAL Alexandrovska, “Sv. G. Sofijski” Str. №1, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
ORCID iD:  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-8085

Abstract

Introduction

In our study, we focused on a group of young men’s with a testosterone level below the average values of the standard for a prolonged period and the changes in the blood glucose and serum lipids values.

Methods

From January 2013 to December 2019 at the Andrological office we examined 73 men aged 37 to 45 years with normal or elevated body mass index and a testosterone level below the average values of the standard for a prolonged period. We selected a control group of 20 age-matched men.

Results

In the patients, we obtained, although within reference limits, reliably lower values for total serum testosterone compared to those of the control group (p<0.001). We found significant differences in mean levels of blood glucose and serum lipids between the study men and those of the control group (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our studies unequivocally show that even at a young age, some men, regardless of their BMI, have certain deviations in the normal secretion of testosterone. Along with that, changes in the blood glucose and serum lipids were observed, which, differed significantly from the same parameters in their peers with a high degree of normality the serum testosterone level. The changes we have found, probably (?) reversible with lifestyle changes, but if ignored can lead to metabolic syndrome at a later age.

Keywords: testosterone, glucose, serum lipids, young mem