Aliyeva A.
The senior teacher of “Roman-German languages”
Nakhchivan State University, Azerbaijan

Abstract
Phraseological combinations arising from zoological onomastics exist in every language. In the French and Azerbaijani languages, there are many phraseological expressions with zoonym characteristics and they are distinguished by their functionality in the language. The theoretical and practical importance of these expressions, which are the main composition of the onomastic lexicon, has been the object of contrastive research by linguists in many languages. The functional and metaphorical characteristics of expressions used with zoonyms in the phraseological dictionary of French and Azerbaijani languages, and in some cases the homogeneity and heterogeneity of these expressions in languages with two different systems are of interest. Narratives, legends, and stories play a major role in the creation of many phraseological combinations in both Azerbaijani and French languages. People have been inspired by nature since ancient times and created phraseological combinations related to each part of it. These phraseological combinations that have survived to this day are colorful and rich in modern Azerbaijani and French languages. They are distinguished by their lexical-semantic and functional characteristics, carrying the characteristics of emotionality and imagery in the language. Phraseological expressions related to zoonyms are widely used in both Azerbaijani and French languages.

Keywords: phraseological combinations; phraseology; phraseology; zoonyms: stable word combinations; free word combinations

Asgarova M.
Nakhchivan State University, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan

Abstract
In today’s fast-paced digital world, abbreviations and acronyms have become an integral part of communication. Whether it’s personal or professional emails, text messages, or even conversations, understanding abbreviations is crucial. This is especially true for those learning French, as French abbreviations play a significant role in comprehending the language. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the top common French abbreviations and acronyms, their meanings, and how they are used in various contexts. So, let’s dive in and unravel the world of French abbreviations!

 Keywords: French abbreviation, research, acronym, communication, comprehending.

Aliyeva L.
Nakhchivan State University, Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan

Abstract
The terminology “young grammarians” refers to a group of young linguists who formed in and around Leipzig in the mid-1970s. The personal classification of this group is not entirely clear – a distinction is usually made between a central group of young grammarians and scientists who have only adopted the approaches and methods of young grammarians without having been directly involved in their training. The Germanists Hermann Paul, Wilhelm Braune and Eduard Sievers, the Indo-Europeanists Hermann Osthoff and Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück are usually counted among the former [1-2]. In many works, August Leskien is still counted among the central group of young grammarians, although he plays a special role in that he was the teacher of many young grammarians and had a decisive influence on the development of their research methods:
This young group of researchers saw themselves as a “new movement” in historical linguistics and rejected the term “young grammarians” for their own research direction, which has nevertheless been used in research to this day and is therefore also used in this work should.
Overall, it is difficult to describe the theories, concepts and methods of young grammar research in detail, as it was a quite heterogeneous group with different focuses and views and, above all, a group that developed immense productivity in its research area and was broad topics covered. A detailed breakdown of the individual, countless works would far exceed the scope of this work, which is therefore omitted and rather the underlying principles and commonalities that led to the success of the young grammarians and that are responsible for the current validity of the approach are highlighted, knowing full well , that it must be an idealized and reduced representation. In this presentation, similar to later structuralists and generativists, only theories that relate to the area of language change are discussed; other areas of research, such as the establishment of a general theory of language with statements about composition, deixis and anaphora, are not taken into account [3-4].

 Keywords: Young grammarians, german linguistics, grammarians trend, factor, determining.

Ovdiichuk L.
professor and head of the department of Ukrainian
language and literature Private Higher Educational
Establishment “Academician Stepan Demianchuk International
University of Economics and Humanities”, Rivne, Ukraine

Abstract
The article presents a study of the novel “Heart of Darkness” and the film “Apocalypse Today” by F. Coppola using the tools of inter-art comparative studies. The author offers a tested method of comparing the story with the film interpretation according to the following structural elements: real events, title, plot, narrative, chronotope, main characters, genre, in the form of a table and generalization scheme. The conducted intermedial study made it possible to identify commonalities in artistic works at different levels of content and form, revealed the peculiarities and effectiveness of the comparative method.

Keywords: Inter-art comparative studies, transformational intermediality, intermedial analysis, genre, plot, main characters, prototypes, narratives.

Aliyev S.
Lecturer, Department of persian language and literature, Nakhchivan state university,
Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan
ORCID: 0009-0008-5145-9491

Abstract
In the first half of the 20th century, the burgeoning wave of scientific and technological innovations underscored the imperative of efficient scientific communication. Within the rapidly expanding frontiers of scientific disciplines, the process of naming newly discovered concepts emerged as a cornerstone directly influencing language. While the creation and utilization of terminology has perennially held significance in the scientific realm, the 20th century ushered in a new era marked by the globalization of knowledge through the expansive reach of communication technologies.

In response to this transformative backdrop, institutions and specialized fields dedicated to the study of terminology emerged, effectively orchestrating terminological activities across multiple languages. This study conducts a comprehensive exploration into the contextual factors that precipitated the establishment of terminology as a distinct field of study, critically examining its contemporary state from a multifaceted perspective.

Through a meticulous survey of historical trajectories and a discerning analysis of the impact of technology on global scientific communication, this article presents a comprehensive understanding of the formation and the current status of terminology studies. It underscores the pivotal role of terminology in facilitating precision and clarity in specialized discourse and ultimately fostering efficient communication in the dynamic landscape of 20th-century science.

Keywords: term, terminology, lexicology, linguistics, Terminology in the 20th century.

Orujova D.
The teacher of the chair “English and methods”
Nakhchivan State University, Azerbaijan

Abstract
Metaphor functions differ from each other in terms of productivity, and some functions are somewhat difficult to explain. Metaphors have an emotional-expressive effect on the addressee, they evoke an emotional evaluation reaction. When religious metaphors are used in artistic discourse, the emotional-expressive effect is strengthened. Religious sacredness increases the effectiveness of the metaphor. Metaphors are one of the stylistic features of fiction. Its text creation function is related to explanation and interpretation, explanation with additional sentences.

Keywords :  metaphor, religious, discourse, concept, cognitive metaphor

Aliyev J.
The senior teacher of the chair “Russian and Eastern languages”
Nakhchivan State University, Azerbaijan

Mammadova Z.
The senior teacher of the chair “Russian and Eastern languages”
Nakhchivan State University, Azerbaijan

Abstract
Abu-al-Tayyab Ahmad bin Husain known as Al-Mutanabbi is a very famous Arabic poet from the Abbasid period. He was born in 915 AD in Kufa, Iraq and died in 965 AD. He was the court poet of Saif-al-Daulah of Aleppo for whom he composed most of his poems. This is Mutanabbi whose poems keep Saif-al-Daulah alive in the history of the Arab world. Al-Mutanabbi composed his best poems for him. Al-Mutanabbi is one the greatest, most prominent and influential poets of Arabic language. His poetry has been translated into several important languages of the world. Although his poetry largely comprises the odes in praise of the kings, viziers, and governors he visited during his lifetime, his greatness lies in his sharp intelligence and wittiness. He was very talented and a genius. In his poetry he has discussed topics of philosophy of life, the courage which was so favourite to Arab poets, and the description of battles. When he used to write satires, it would be very painful for the person it was intended for. One of the best examples of this type of poetry is a satirical poem which he composed in the satire of Kafur Ikhshidi, the king of Egypt. He uses beautiful similes and metaphors in his poetry. Al-Mutanabbi is one of the very popular poets of Arabic and his poems are still widely popular in the Arab world.

 Keywords: Al-Mutanabbi, religion, politics, religious views, arab poetry, poet, poetry

Khorokhordina O.
PhD in Philology, Professor, Russian Department,
Hankuk University of Foreign Studies (Seoul, Republic of Koreа)

Sadullaeva N.
Master of Linguistics, Methodologist, Ministry of Preschool and School Education
of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Tashkent)

Abstract
Based on cognitive and discursive analysis of texts of Russian-language Internet communication, the authors identify the features of the modern content of the concept “new life” as a constant of Russian linguoculture. The authors consistently describe the conceptual features of the considered constant and demonstrate their relationship with its figurative realizations and emotional and evaluative halo in the analyzed Internet texts. The authors present the value component of the constant, highlight its dominants and emphasize its ambivalence.

Keywords: Russian concept “new life”, cognitive and discursive analysis, texts of Russian Internet communication

Babayev J.
The head of the chair “English and methods”
Nakhchivan State University, Azerbaijan

Abstract
The article elaborates the difference between similar lexical and syntactical devices which are based on repetition. Similar and distinctive points of some different rhetoric devices have been studied in the article. Lexical and syntactical devices such as epistrophe or anaphora, mesodiplosis, epiphora, symploce, epizeuxis, parallel construction, reversed construction or chiasmus, antimetabole, anadiplosis,  antistasis, negative-positive restatement, diacope and gradatio, epanalepsis have been analyzed respectively. While analyzing the terms which are based on the repetition, it turned out that the major goal of these devices is the emphasis. Despite one common feature, these rhetoric devices and techniques differ from each other for the location along or inside the sentence(s) or clause(s). So some of them are repeated at the beginning of the sentence (epistrophe) while the others are found at the end (epiphora) and in the middle (mesodiplosis) of the sentence or clause. Some are repeated within two or more clauses or sentences in different places.

Keywords: gradatio, antistasis, chiasmus, diacope, mesodiplosis, antimetabole, epanalepsis

Kim O.
PhD in Philology, expert
Research Center for Korean Studies
at the Uzbek State University World Languages,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Lvova I.
Associate Professor, scientific researcher
Research Center for Korean Studies
at the Uzbek State University World Languages,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Elkin D.
Ph.D. in Philology, scientific researcher
Research Center for Korean Studies
at the Uzbek State University World Languages,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan

The research is carried out within the framework of a grant from the Academy of Korean Studies of the Republic of Korea (Research project No. AKS – 2021-INC-2230010)

Abstract
The study of semantic oppositions is extremely effective in determining language changes under the influence of interlinguistic and extralinguistic factors. The study of the semantic opposition «day guest / night guest» on the material of Korean paremias recreating human actions, attitudes, motives, habits, behavioral styles and interests revealed a number of features of the mutual influence of language and culture, and the interpersonal perception of people within one nation forms certain norms of morality, ethics, culture of communication, creating a socio-cultural background of their nation. The article attempts to determine the causes of particular cases of semantic oppositions, and the study of the interaction of semantic and word-formation processes retains a certain interest.

Keywords: semantic opposition, linguocultural processes, word formation processes, etymology, paremia, constant “guest”, national and cultural specifics.