Rybalova O.
PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor,
National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine
Artemiev S.
PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the department
National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine
Bryhada O.
PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor,
National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine
Matsak A.
PhD, Associate Professor, lecturer,
National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine
Anisimova S.
PhD,, Associate Professor, Ecology Department
Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University

Abstract
The paper presents a new method of comprehensive assessment of the level of environmental hazard of industrial enterprises’ impact on the environment, which includes a methodology for determining the level of environmental hazard of pollutant emissions from industrial enterprises on the state of atmospheric air; a methodology for determining the level of environmental hazard of wastewater discharge by industrial enterprises on the state of surface waters; a methodology for determining the level of environmental hazard of waste management systems at industrial enterprises.  The new method was used to assess the level of environmental hazard of the environmental impact of Pyriatyn Cheese Plant CJSC. The assessment of the impact of pollutant emissions on the state of the atmospheric air corresponds to the average level of danger (_EPA = 57.50). Pyriatyn Cheese Plant produces 41 types of waste. The indicator of the impact of industrial waste on the environment is equal to (_EPV = 116.25), which corresponds to a high level of danger. The use of the method of comprehensive assessment of the level of environmental hazard of the impact of industrial enterprises on the environment is aimed at improving the efficiency of management decision-making in the field of environmental protection.

Keywords: environmental hazard, integrated assessment, industrial enterprise, pollutant emissions, atmospheric air, wastewater, surface water, waste

 Mammadov Z.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, associate professor, head of lab. “International Ecology” Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of ANAS
Gardashova L.
Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor, Vice-Rector for Research
Azerbaijan State University Oil and Industry
Abdullayeva M.
Ph.D., associate professor, department of  the “Petrochemical Technology and Industrial Ecology”, Azerbaijan State University Oil  and Industry
Sultanova A.
Ph.D., associate professor, department of the “Computer Engineering”
Azerbaijan State University  Oil and Industry

Abstract
The article reflects the patterns of vegetation cover and its geographical distribution during the formation of water resources in the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, especially in the Karabakh region. The physiographic or agro-ecological region, divided into provinces, plays a key role in the efficient use of land and water resources. Various reliefs, geological and morphological structure, landscape, as well as unique features of the climate and vegetation of the territories led to the formation of water resources.

Keywords: Karabakh economic region, water resources, water balance, types of landscapes, water supply.

Dr.Arzu Javadova
Geoscientist, MicroPro GmbH, Germany

Abstract
The Apsheron field area is the most promising prospect of a Shallow water Transition zone of the Apsheron archipelago at all potential reservoir levels, for identification of the exploration potential of the area and the new business opportunities. The area covers with water depth between 10 to 20 meters. As a methodology used available seismic data, evaluation of reference well data and other geological factors in the Petrel program. Individual recoverable resource volumes per individual reservoir layers are calculated in the Monte Carlo program:

• The overall consolidated resource volumes for the Productive Series of the entire Bank-Apsheron area totalling 80.3 MMBBL.
• The overall consolidated resource volumes for the Mesozoic of the entire Bank Apsheron area totalling 21.4 MMBBL
• The consolidated resource volumes for the Gosha Dash area amount to 16.1 MMBBL This area is taken as undrilled. Gosha Dash structure is viewed as a target for potential field extension for the remaining exploration potential of Bank-Apsheron and West-Apsheron for the Mesozoic deposit which is identified on 2D seismic at approximately 2000 m depth. Therefore, this part of the structure is not identified as exploration, but as an appraisal & development target for future wells.

 Keywords: South Caspian, offshore, oil and gas, seismic interpretation, geology, forecast

Dyudyayeva O.
Senior Lecturer, Export Expert to the EU,
Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University,
Kherson, Ukraine,

Rutta O.
assistant
Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University,
Kherson, Ukraine

Abstract
From 20 to 30 percent of the population in developed countries is involved in agribusiness, thanks to which it remains one of the most budget-filling and profitable in the world.

Today, the agricultural sector is developing most strongly in the United States of America (up to 12 percent of GDP).

Since the European region cannot provide itself with agricultural products and raw materials in full, the agro-industrial complex is formed in such a way that global connections are taken into account.

Agribusiness in Ukraine has great potential for development, as it has the largest area of agricultural land in Europe (41.5 million hectares, or up to 70 percent of the total territory). About 25% of the world’s chernozem soils with a high level of fertility are concentrated in Ukraine. The agricultural sector accounts for more than 10% of GDP and is one of the most important export sectors. The agro-industrial complex is constantly developing, which is explained by the proximity of the main sales markets, the existing infrastructure, including transport, and the constant growth of global demand for food products.

Given that Ukraine is one of the world’s leading exporters of grain and oil crops, russia’s military invasion of our territory had a significant impact on agribusiness and food safety around the world.

 Keywords: the food safety, modern challenges for the food safety.

Ablayeva A.
2nd year doctoral student in the specialty “Environmental Protection Technology” ENU named after. Gumileva, Astana

Abstract
CO₂ forms the largest component in coal combustion flue gas (Xing Zhang, 2015). Carbon dioxide (CO₂) fixation is an important process in mitigating the harmful effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions. One promising method of CO₂ fixation is through the use of microalgae. These tiny organisms are capable of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy and fixing atmospheric CO₂ into organic compounds. Microalgae are known for their fast growth rates and high CO₂ assimilation rates, making them an attractive option for CO₂ mitigation. In fact, some species of microalgae can fix up to 10 times more CO₂ than land-based plants. Furthermore, microalgae can grow in a wide range of environments, including wastewater, saline water, and brackish water, making them versatile and sustainable. In addition to CO₂ fixation, Chlorella microalgae also remove other pollutants from flue gases, such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These pollutants can be toxic and contribute to acid rain and smog. Chlorella microalgae are able to remove these pollutants through a process known as bioadsorption, where the pollutants are adsorbed onto the surface of the microalgae. This review presents an outlook on microalgal propagation systems for CO₂ sequestration.

Keywords: Microalgae, CO₂ fixation, flue gas, utilization, photobioreactor.

Ryazanov N.
Electrical Engineer, Director of Imkomtech LLC in Tomsk, Russia

Abstract
This article discusses the existing theories of lightning development and proposes a practically grounded hypothesis for the formation of thunderstorm lightning. Inside the cloud, there comes a moment when the intensity between the differently charged regions reaches a critical one, then a primary electric discharge occurs, and the rate of change in the intensity of the electric field in the formed “black lightning” reaches 10¹² – 10¹⁷ and more. Under the influence of such electric field strengths, primary channels of electrical breakdown appear, which form a tree-like structure of the discharge. This leads to the formation of more powerful electrical discharges, which in turn form “ignition” discharges for the development of even more powerful stages of the leader phase of the discharges. Each resulting discharge is accompanied by “black lightning”, a pulse of radio emission and gamma radiation.

Keywords: electric spark discharge, igniting pulse, electric field strength, gamma radiation, black lightning.

Akpambetova K.
Candidate of Geographical Sciences, associate professor
Buketov University
Karaganda, Kazakhstan

Azhikulova M.
Lyceum School named after I. Altynsarin, geography teacher
Karaganda, Kazakhstan

Abstract
The article discusses the features of the geological and tectonic structure of East Kazakhstan for forecasting exploration work.

Keywords: East Kazakhstan, facies zone, tectonics, faults.

Tarko A.M.
Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,
Professor of Mathematical Cybernetics, Chief Researcher of the Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract

The analysis of the possibility of implementing V.I. Vernadsky’s noosphere in the most critical areas and points of development of the biosphere and human life is carried out. The tasks are solved to assess the potential of the formation of the noosphere, depending both on human activity and on the laws of nature: the development of the economy and the growth of scientific and technological progress, the sources and limits of long-term energetic and climate conditions, the stabilization of the Earth’s population, the preservation of the natural environment, the cessation of wars.

Keywords: Noosphere, critical point of development, eschatological concept, teleological principle, bifurcation point, systemic economic crisis, population stabilization, global warming, low-carbon energy, age distribution.