Gurbanov E.
Corresponding member NAS of Azerbaijan, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Aslanova S.
Ph.D, Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University,
Baku, Azerbaijan

Abstract
The vegetation of the Thymuseta-Vicaetum-Festucosum formation was noted in summer (non-grazed) pasture field No. 8 “Turksoba” in the Astara region on mountain-brown soils emerging from under the forest. The average annual air temperature, typical for the climate of this region, is 10-140C, and the annual precipitation reaches 1400-1600 mm.
Research shows that the vegetation of this formation belongs to the class of herbaceous-legume-grain formations. The productivity of the Thymuseta-Vicaetum-Festucosum formation of this formation class in the summer season 2021-2022-2023 ranges from 19.5-29.6 c/ha by wet weight and 7.8-12.9 c/ha by dry mass. According to calculations, the coefficient of conversion of wet mass into dry productivity corresponds to 2.3-2.5.

Keywords: formation, phytodiversity, productivity, mountain-brown soils, legumes.

Magauiya A.
M.Sc.
Ecomed infertility clinic, Kazakhstan
Zhumadil Kh.
B.Sc.
Dimedus LTD, Kazakhstan
Temirkhan A.
B.Sc.
KazNU, faculty of biology and biotechnology, Kazakhstan
Umorbekova G.
M.Sc.
Ecomed infertility clinic, Kazakhstan
Sadyk T.
B.Sc.
Ecomed infertility clinic, Kazakhstan

Abstract
Importance: Rapid growth in human population is putting a strain on agricultural industry. One of the ways to solving this problem is increasing the yield of farm animals by selecting the sex of the offspring.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and availability of various sperm sex sorting methods. 
Evidence review: PubMed search engine was used tofind published works on sperm sex selection methods in the MEDLINE database.
Findings:Search by key words yielded scientific articles describing many sperm sex sorting methods that make use of distinctive features of X- and Y-chromosome bearing sperm cells.
Conclusion and relevance: Many sperm sex sorting methods have been developed over the last half-century, but only some of them had a high level of reproducibility and proved to be reliable. Our review shows that further studies should be performed to eliminate drawbacks of the current methods and solve global problems in the field of animal husbandry and reproductive medicine.

 Keywords: sperm sex selection, sex chromosomes, MicroSort, TLR7/TLR8, sex-specific proteins

Mutalipov A.
Andijan State University
Karimjonov H.
Andijan State University
Zaynabiddinov А.
Andijan Institute of Economics and Construction
Usmanov P.
Head of the Cell Biophysics Laboratory of the Institute of Biophysics and Biochemistry under UzMU
Omonturdiev S.
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Rakhimov R.
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract
In studies, 2,3-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose and 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose The vasorelaxant effect of – hydrolyzable tannins on the contractile activity of the rat aortic blood vessel preparation was studied depending on their structure. In our experiments, it was determined that the vasorelaxant effect of hydrolyzable tannins depends on their structure and applied doses, and it was determined that it is related to the blockade of Ca²⁺ channels of vascular smooth muscle cells and sarcoplasmic reticulum.

 Keywords: Tannin, blood vessel, relaxant effect, aorta, muscle, Ca²⁺-channel, dose, relaxation.

Bayramov S.
Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor
Senior Lecturer at Nakhichevan State University

Makrushin A.
Doctor of Biological Sciences,
I.D. Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters. RAS

Abstract
This article discusses a distant future that will come after the end of the global ecological crisis, that is, after the passage of time, measured not by historical standards, but by geological ones. It is widely believed that humanity will go extinct due to the deterioration of the environment caused by this crisis, to which it will not be able to adapt. The aim of this article is to substantiate the assumption that humans won’t go extinct. Environmental problems (and not only environmental ones) have occurred and are occurring due to the disunity of people. People are divided because in some of them their social instincts are suppressed by biological instincts inherited from animal ancestors. These atavistic instincts encourage people to defend their interests when it is detrimental to society. If the suppression of social instincts by atavistic biological instincts continues, then the prediction of human extinction may come true. But the human psyche is evolving. Societies in which the proportion of citizens whose social instincts are suppressed by atavistic biological instincts is especially high are weeded out by natural selection, the units of which are societies. Societies with a lower proportion of such citizens have an evolutionary advantage. From millennia to millennia, the proportion of citizens whose social instincts are suppressed by atavistic biological instincts has been declining and will continue to decline. The energy of atavistic biological instincts has been decreasing, while the energy of social instincts has been increasing. Relations between people in societies have become and will continue to become more and more humane. This process will end with the cessation of the biological suppression of social instincts that separates people. This will allow people in societies to unite, and humanity, thanks to this, to adapt to the consequences of the global environmental crisis.

 Keywords: extinction of mankind, evolution of human instincts.