Hovhannisyan A.
Gyumri, Shirak State University
The research was carried out with the financial support of Shirak State University
within the framework of the scientific project
N:SUSH N03-SCI-2023

Abstract
The study aims to contribute to the analysis of legalese in court interptreting.
In the frame of this research close attention is paid to legal discourse as an integral communication of language and law, specifically to the function of idioms in the speech of lawyers and their translation tricks. An increase focus is put on characterising and translating idioms, due to the peculiarities of their structure and cohesion of meaning. Our database encompasses a wide range of terms drawn from the realm of law and a spectrum of idioms and slang. The coded meaning of these words is unveiled in legal discourse, moulding a rich tapestry of interpretive words with their counterparts in target languages.

 Keywords: legal language, court interpretation, text interpretation, idiomatic expressions, slang; etc.

Nasruddinov S.
Ph.D., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Foreign Languages, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan

Abstract
This article is devoted to the etymological analysis of the Russian, Tajik and English languages, the purpose of which is the etymological analysis of words and the determination of when, in what language, according to what word-formation model, in what form and with what meaning the word arose, as well as historical changes in its primary forms and meanings determined the form and meaning known to the researcher.
Also, the Article is addressed to scientists working on the languages and ethnography of the Tajik, Russian and English peoples. Also, it is directed to historians, archaeologists, specialists in historical geography, cartography, hydrography, local historians, linguists, specializing in the field of onomastics.
There is a word in English called trans, which comes from the Latin which means “through” even if you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you can understand that the word has something to do with “passing through.” If you pay attention to the original meanings of other parts of these words: port – to carry. So, it turns out that transport means that something is transported through space. For example, “A bus transports people from one city to another”; “A plane transports people from one country to another.”

Keywords: etymology, analysis, historical changes, word meanings, reconstruction, origin of the word, subject of etymology, source word, revival, filtration.

Vasylevych O.
PhD  in Philology,
Department of East Slavic Philology
Institute of Philology
Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University,
Kyiv, Ukraine
orcid.org/0000−0003−0877−007X

Abstract
The article proves that the study of the postcolonial generational consciousness of a young contemporary is the central  task in Artem Chekh’s novel “Who are you? (Khto ty takiy?)”. The vectoriality of the author’s interpretation is demonstrated: from a single specific  (and possibly autobiographical) self-consciousness – to a broad generalization, the depiction of the postcolonial consciousness of an entire generation. Specific features of the artistic embodiment of this goal are identified and studied: interpretation of the cultural crisis, new comprehension of history, the young generation of writers’ search for cultural identity, the value conflict between generations, and the beginning of the process of decolonization of generational thinking.

Keywords: cultural generation, transitional culture, transitional thinking, “generation of the 1990s”, cultural identity.

Trush T.
Ph.D., Assoc. prof. Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
60, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0876

Abstract
The modern world is complex, interesting, and multifaceted. Advertising and computer technologies are constantly improving. Political parties also use various manipulative practices to influence public opinion. The information space, filled with advertising on all possible platforms, is becoming a powerful source of influence on people’s minds. How can the human mind be independent in such conditions? Are there any defences against external influence on our thoughts? Perhaps critical thinking is the key tool that can help a person protect their freedom and independence in the world of information violence. A thinking person will always strive for freedom. Confirmation of this can be found in Spinoza’s «Theological – Political Tractatus».

Keywords: independence, philosophy, education, Spinoza, intellect, freedom.

Aghabayli V.
Ph.D. in Philology, Associate Professor
Azerbaijan University of Languages
Post-Doctoral Researcher of the National Museum of Azerbaijan Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1560-028X

Abstract
This article explores the complex and evolving landscape of gender issues within Azerbaijani literature. The introduction contextualizes the significance of this inquiry, emphasizing the importance of understanding how gender dynamics have influenced the literary canon. With a brief overview of Azerbaijani history and culture, the historical and cultural context section provides a backdrop for understanding the interplay of gender and society.
The core of the article delves into the representation of gender in Azerbaijani literature, identifying literary movements that have influenced these narratives. The article examines how female authors challenged to gender discourse, exploring the agency and roles of women in literature. In sum, this article serves as an initial foray into the multifaceted world of gender issues in Azerbaijani literature, aiming to inspire further research of literature, culture, and society.

Keywords: literature, gender, female, woman, feminism

Hajiyeva M.
Ph.D. in Philology, Assoc. Prof.
Azerbaijan University of Languages
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-4286

Abstract
This research paper embarks on a captivating exploration of the intricate interplay of utopian and dystopian elements within the same literary or cinematic work. Titled “Sounding Voices and Shifting Perspectives,” this study navigates the paradoxical terrain where a single narrative can be concurrently analyzed as both utopian and dystopian. With a keen focus on polyphony and heteroglossia, the paper unveils the dynamic nature of these narratives, which often defy conventional categorization.
The paper engages in a rigorous examination of literary and cinematic works that elicit dual interpretations, where utopian and dystopian visions coexist, weaving a tapestry of conflicting narratives. It dissects the multifaceted elements, characters, and thematic constructs within these narratives, unveiling the rich and complex layers of utopian and dystopian ideals.
This study also investigates how diverse voices and perspectives within a single narrative contribute to the simultaneous utopian and dystopian readings, shedding light on the inherent complexity and ambiguity of these visions. By analyzing how audiences grapple with cognitive dissonance when confronted with contradictory interpretations, this research unveils the broader cultural and psychological impact of such narratives.
The significant conribution of this research lies in its capacity to challenge conventional literary and cinematic analysis by unraveling the often-overlooked coexistence of utopian and dystopian elements in the same narrative. By embracing polyphony and heteroglossia as tools for understanding the intricate layers of these narratives, this study offers a fresh perspective on how literature and cinema continue to influence and provoke nuanced discussions on the nature of idealism and despair in contemporary society. In a world where optimism and pessimism often intersect, this research invites readers and scholars to explore the complexities of human imagination and the ever-shifting boundaries of utopian and dystopian thought.

 Keywords: literary studies, utopia, dystopia, ambiguity, dual interpretations

Merezhinskaya A.
Doctor of Philological Sciences,
Department of East Slavic Philology
Institute of Philology
Kyiv National University named after Taras Shevchenko, Ukraine
Kyiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-5741
Vasilevich E.
PhD in Philology,
Department of East Slavic Philology
Institute of Philology
Kyiv National University named after Taras Shevchenko,
Kyiv, Ukraine
orcid.org/0000−0003−0877−007X

Abstract
The article proves that Katya Petrovskaya’s novel “Maybe Esther” reflects the important features of the literature of the 2000s: interpretation of the cultural crisis, new understanding of history, and the search for cultural identity by the young generation of writers. These features are examined through the prism of the central theme of trauma. It is proved that trauma is investigated by the writer in the following perspectives: historical (totalitarian, catastrophic aspects), fate of the family, worldview of different generations, existential.

Keywords: trauma, memory, transitional thinking, “generation of the 1990s”, genre synthesis, cultural identity.

Lomova E.
Associate professor,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay
Maymakova A.
Candidate of philology, associate professor,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay,
Yessimbek S.
Master of Science, senior lecturer,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay,
Kovalenko E.
Lecturer’s assistant, University of Turan

Abstract
Anna Akhmatova’s poetry is a sincere confession about the history of the end of a love relationship, about the loss of freshness and sharpness of the first raptures with each other and the first intoxicating moments of mental and bodily unity of two people who joined their destinies. The basis of the plot rewrites of many poems by the Russian poetess is the analysis and memories of the experience of the farewell meeting and the final dramatic explanation. The source of inspiration for A.Akhmatova is the world around her with its worries, struggles, hopes and disappointments. In the mind of the poetess, the creative process is a fusion of external events and challenges of modernity and internal experience, focusing on a wise look at the past and present. A.Akhmatova’s voice loses the intimacy of the lyrical “I” and acquires the universality of the voice of an entire historical epoch. The personal events of the biography related to the arrest of his son and many friends are combined with the tragic pathos of the national.

Keywords: poetry, experience, dramatic explanation, creative process, an entire historical epoch, biography

 Bekisheva R.
Associate professor,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay
Lomova E.
Associate professor,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay
Kokenova Z.
Senior Lecturer,
Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay
Bagymbayeva F.
Master of Science,
Kazakh national pedagogical university named after Abay

Abstract
Tsvetaev’s favorite punctuation mark is a dash, which creates the effect of a rapid change of large cinematic plans, as in the poem “Train of Life”: “Playground.// – And sleepers.-// And the extreme bush// In my hand.” In English, dashes are endowed with much more narrowed functions. Translators often reduce their number or completely replace them with other punctuation marks in order to avoid unnecessary artificial eccentricity of the poetic text. In her poetry, she confronts the melodious verse, in which there are anaphores, parallelism and a clear division into stanzas, with the techniques of colloquial speech, which is based on the logical and emotional division of the phrase. From the side of the lexical fullness of literary texts, M.Tsvetaeva freely combines high-style words with colloquial and colloquial, and in the field of syntax there are short phrases and long sentences, complicated by introductory constructions. Syntactic hyphenations have increased expression in Tsvetaev’s verse when.

Keywords: poetry, anaphores, parallelism, the techniques of colloquial speech, exical fullness of literary texts, syntactic hyphenations.

Gahraman A.
Doctor of Fil.Sc.,assoc.prof
Azerbaijan University of Languages
Foreign Literature department

Abstract
English fiction has a positive meaning as a self-sufficient phenomenon, beyond the interests of various political forces and socio-political discourse. In Russia, English literature naturally stimulates two reader reactions. As a purveyor of Western European liberal values, it consistently evokes admiration and irritation. But the self-sufficiency of this phenomenon determines its place in the history of world literature, no matter how it is perceived around the world.

Keywords: English literature, logocentrism, liberalism, democracy, world literature, value, influence